GABATARWA
Godiya ta tabbata ga Allah
masanin abinda yake bayyane da kuma abinda yake boye, wanda ya fifita dan adam
da Ilimi da aiki da ilimirisama da sukkan halitta.
Tsira da arpinci’ Allah sukara
tabbata ga Shugaba Malaman duniya, da lahira Annabi Muhammad (SAW) da alayansa
da sahabbansa da duk wanda ya bisu da gaskiya har izuwa rana al’kiyama.
Bayan haka, daga cikin irin falalar
da Allah Tabaraka Wata’ala ya bawa ilimi yafi karfin kidayawa.
*
Falalar ilimi wadda za’a iya hankalta a hankalce zakaga duk mutum in dai
aka dangantashi da ilimi sakamakon wani abu da ya aikata sai yaji dadi kuma yayi
farin ciki aransa, (ko da kuwa kungurmin jahili ne) saboda daraja da daukaka ta
ilimi da Allah ya baiwa ilimi.
*
Kuma yana daga cikin abinki da kyama irin na jahilci, duk mutum in dai
aka dangantashi da jahilci sakamakon wani abu da ya aikata, sai yaji rashin jin
dadi na karshe acikin ransa,(koda kuwa jahili ne).
*
Dangane da falala da daukaka ta malamai akwai abubuwa guda (2) wadanda
suka fi komai agurin ubangiji; Allah ya bayyana mana su acikin al’qur’ani, xayaacikin
suratul Ali-imran :28, dayan acikin suratul Fadir: 18.
Arabic
Manzon Allah
(S.A.W) yace “Ubangiji (S.W.T) zai tashi bayinsa ranar Al-kiyama, sannan kuma
ya tashi malamai, sai yace “yaku taran malamai haqiqa ban sanya ilimi a
garekuba sai domin sanina daku, kurna ban baku kyautar ilirni ba domin na
azabtar daku, saboda haka ku tafi izuwa Al-jannah, haqiqa na gafarta muku”.
*
Kuma za muga irini ramukan da
duhun jahilci yake tura jahilai.
Ina rokon ubangiji madaukakin sarki ya sanya wanna talifi ya zama mai
amfani acikin rayuwarmu, mao kume amfanarwa ga al-umar muslim.
MENE NE MA’ANAR ILIMI?
Ilimi shine sanin wani abu wanda
baka san shi ba.
MATSAYIN NEMAN ILIMI
Neman ilimi
agurin dukkan musumi wajibine (dolene) saboda fadlin Manzon Allah(S.A.W)
Arabic
Fassara “Neman ilimi wajibine
agurin dukkanin musulmi namiji da mace”
An farinlantawa musulmi neman ilimin abinda ke faruwa gareshi cikin halinsa
(na rayuwa) a kowane hail yake, haqiqa babu makawa agareshi daga yin “SALLAH, AZUMI, ZAKKAH, HAJJ” yayin da ya
wajaba akansa, hakanan hukuncin ciniki, idan shi dan kasuwane. To ya wajaba
akansa ya nemi sani (ilimi) gwargwadon yadda zai bayar da wajibin. Malami suna
cewa:
Arabic
“Duk abinda ya kasance wajibi
baya cika sai tare dashi, to shima wannan abin ye zama wajibi”
Ubangiji Madaukakin Sarki ya fada acikin suratul Muhammada aya ta (19).
Arabic
Fassara “Kai sani ya (S.A. W)
cewa haqiqa babu abin bautawa da gaskiya sai Allah.....”
Imamush-shafl’i (R.A) sai yace “Sabida wajibcin ilimi sai Ubangiji ya fara
da shi gabannin kalmar shahada.
Sannan kuma yazo acikin hadisil kudisi cewa Ubangiji mai girma da buwaya
yace:
Arabic
“Kusanni kafin ku bauta mini
yanzu idan baku sanniba; to yaya zaku iya bauta agareni?”
DARAJA DA FALALAR DA ALLAH YA
BAWA ILIMI
Arabic
Ilimin mai ilimi da hankalin mai hankalin sunyi sabani wannan yana cewa “shi
yafi don uwansa, wannan ma yana cewa shine yafi”
Arabic
Sai ilimi yace “kai hankali gayamin dani da kai wannene Ubangiji ya
siffanta dashi yace yana dashi acikin al-qur’ani?
Arabic
Sai ta bayyana ga hankali, ya tabbata haqiqa ilimi shine shugabansa,
saboda haka sai ya sunbaceshi yace shige gaba nabika, ya shugabana domin da ilimi
Ubangiji ya siffantu.
1) Dangane da falalar ilimi da
alherinsa da zamu fara lura da shi.
Allah madaukakin sarki da ya
tashi halittar dan-adam, bai barshi haka sasakaiba sai dayayi shela, (akayi
yekuwa) ya gayawa mala’iku kamar yadda yazo acikin al-qur’ani (acikin sural
bakara) (Aya ta: 30-34).
Arabic
Ubangiji yayi wannan shela yace zai samar da halifa a doran kasa {wakili}
wanda zai wakilci Allah (S.W.T) shi kuma wakili idan akace wanene, wakilin
wane to duk kamar da zaka bawa wanda ya nadashi wakilcin to haka zaka bashi
saboda komai zaiyi da duk abinda zai taflyar dashi, to da yawun wannan ya yakeyi.
To sai Allah yace “zai halicci wata halitta kuma zai bata
wakilci”, wannan tasa mala’iku sukaji abinda nauyi, sukayi wani abu ‘bako’ sukaga
cewar wannan makamin su yakamata ace su suke dashi. Amma ga
Ubangiji (S.W.T) yace wata halitta zaiyi kuma ita zai bawa wannan makamin.
Saboda haka sai mala’iku suka nemi karin bayani suka ce:
Arabic
”Yanzu ya Ubangi (ka halicci
wata halitta kabata wannan kima, ka ajiyeta ta zama wakiliyarka a duniya,
Al-halin mugamu “Nusabbihu bi Hamdika wanukaddisu Lak” munayin tasbihi da
godiya a gareka kuma muna tsarkakeka.
Sukuma wadancan da zaka basu
wannan mukami fasadi zasuyi sudinga zubar da jini, to me Allah ya basu amsa.
Arabic
‘Ni nasan abinda baku saniba”
Saboda haka anan gurin Ubangiji Madaukakin Sarki da ilimi yayiwa mala’iku
Tunkaho. Saboda haka wannan ya isa ace. ilimi yafi komai.
*
Sannan da Allah ya halicci
Annabi Adamu (A.S) bai bashi karfin jiki wanda yafi nq mala’ikuba, baibashi
karfi fiye da na mala’iku ba, baibashi sauri da hanzari flye dana mala’iku ba,
da ya tashi sat yayi masa abu guda xaya(1) sai yace:
Arabic
“Na sanar da Adamu Sunayen
Abubuwa dukkanninsu baki daya” wadanda ‘ya’yansa zasu yi amfani dashi. Wannan
sunanta kwarya, wannan ludayi, wannan sunansa faifai, wannan ilimin sunansa
Biology, Embiology, Geography. Duk wani ilimi da ake takama dashi a duniya a
yau to sai da Allah ya sanar da Annabi Adamu shi, to da Ubangiji ya sanar dashi
wannan ilimi, sai yace:
Arabic
“Sai Allah ya kawo abin akayi baje kolinsa aka bajewa mala’iku, Allah
yace wa mala’iku ku gayamin sunan wadanan abubuwa inkun kasance ku masu gaskiyane,
akan da’awarku to cewar ku kuka can-canta ku zama wakilaina a bayan kasa.” sai mala’iku
sukace:
Arabic
“Tsarki ya tabbata gareka mu bamu da ilimi sai gwargwadon ilimin da
kabamu kai ne Al-limu (Masani) kuma kai ne Al-Hakimu (Mai hikima) wanda kassan
inda kake aje komainaka, domin da hikima kakeyi bada jahilciba, ba kuma da son
zuciyaba.”
Saboda haka da mala’iku sukayi ikirari suka yadda da gajiyawarsu sai Allah
yace:
Arabic
“Adamu gaya musu sunayen wadannan” ya dinga gaya musu, kazane wannan,
wannan sunansa kaza, to bayan ya gama sanar dasu, sai Allah yace:
Arabic
“Allah yace bangaya mukuba nine nasan duk abinda yake boye acikin sama
da kasa. To anan ma Allah da ilimi yayiwa mala’iku tunkaho” haqiqa kuma nine
masani abinda kuke boyewa da abinda kuke fito dashi sarari. Saboda haka kuyi sujjada
kugalda Annabi Adamu don kuwa shi malamunkune”
Arabic
“dukkannin mala’iku sukayi sujjada
suka galda Annabi Adamu, sai dai shexan shine yaki yin sujjada yayi girman kai
yace shi bazai gaida Adamu ba,” wannan kuma ta jawo masa
bayan ya samu shekara 250,000, yana bin Allah,
Ubangiji ya la’anceshi
ya koreshi daga cikin Al-jannah, wanda har abada bazai sake shigarta ba.
To wannan shi ya nuna mene falalar da ilimi, yake da ita domin dashi ne
Ubangiji ya fifita Adamu (A.S) akan Mala’iku, ya kuma umarci mala’iku akan suyi
sujjada sugaida Adamu (A.S).. A sanadin kin bi da rashin gaisheshi shexan yayi
asarar kujerarsa, Ubangiji ya la’anceshi, kuma har abada bazai sami jin kaiba
zai tabbata acikin ‘UMMUHU HAWIYA.’ Allah ka tsaremu ameen.
2) Kissar
mutum da ya kashe mutum (100) sannan yayi nufin tuba tare da komawa ga Allah sai
ya tambayi wani malami yadda zai tuba shi Allah zai karbi tubansa? Sai yabashi
amsa da cewa Allah zai karbi tubansa, amma sai dai yayi hijira daga ganin xayake
aciki ya koma izuwa wani garin daban. Saboda garin da yake ciki garin ashararan
mutane ne, akan hanyarsa ta zuwa wancan garin da zai tuba sai mutuwa ta riskeshi
a hanya saboda haka sai mala’ikun azaba suka zo zasu karbi ransa, sai kuma
mala’ikun Rahama suma sukazo zasu karbi ransa, sai suka fara hujjataiya, mala’ikun
Rahma suna cewa zuciyarsa ta karaya ya dawo zuwa ga Allah
Mala’ikun azaba suna cewa ”tunda yake baitaba aikin Alheri ba”, to sai Ubangiji
ya aiko da Al-kalin mala’ika, akayi masa surar dan Adam, “domin mala’ika a
surarsa ta mala’ika baya hukunci saboda shi ba wakilin Allah bane, dan Adam dai
shine wakilin Allah, ko mala’ikane zai yi wani hukunci sai anmaida halittarsa
irinta dan adam saboda girman da Allah yabawa dan adam shi kuma dan adam wannan
ilimi da Allah ya bashi shine sirrin girman nasa.”
To sai mala’ikan yace a auna, idan yafi kusa da garin da ya baro na mutanen
banza to mala’ikun azaba sai su dauki ransa idan kuma yafi kusa da garin da
yayi nufin komawa saboda tuba to sai mala’ikun rahma su dau ransa, da akazo
aunawa, sai Allah yayi wahayi cewar kasar da ya baro ta karanisa, wacce yayi nufin
ta matso kusa, shikenan sai mala’ikun rahma akace su dau ransa, mutum (100) kashe
dindi amma sai Allah yayi masa gafara dagy karaya.
Amma da ubangiji
ya tashi sai yace:
Arabic
”Allah baya rahama
baya jinkan ga wanda ya hada bautarsa da wani abu, ya mutum, da haka, wannan har
abada Allah ba zaiji kansaba, yana gafara ga wasu laifukan wadanda bashirka ba.
Saboda haka
zamuga babu abinda Allah yaki jini kuma ya tsana, irin shirka TAUHIDINNAN, (kadai
tashi) dama kuma shi kadal ne, shi kadai ya fiso don haka da Allah ya tashi
bayanin wannan abinda yafi muhimmanci agurinsa kuma yafi komai amfani agurin
bayinsa sai yace: (acikin suratul Ali-imran: aya ta; 18).
Arabic
Allah ya shaida da kansa cewa
babu abin bautawa da gaskiya saishi, shi kadaine, “WAHADAHULASHAPJKA LAHU.”
To da Allah ya kafa shaida akan abinda yafi komai kima da kansa, kuma sai ya
nemi wasu shedun ya sake kafawa, kuma duk abinda yake da muhimmanci ana neman
shaida akafa, sannan kuma awajan kafa sheda ana neman wanda shedarsa zata iya
tsayawa, amma idan aka sami wanda shedarsa bazata iya tsayawa, ba ana zuwa za'a
koreshi saboda rashin siffantuwa da sharadan karbar shaida, to saboda haka da Ubangiji
ya tsashi kafa shaidu akan TAUHIDI, sai ya zabi siffar halitta guda biyu (2) ta
farko sai yace: -
Arabic
“Mala’iku sun shaida haqiqa Allah
shi kadai ne, ‘WAHADAHU LASHARIKA LAHU’ Saboda shedun Allah ne.”
To xayatashi
kuma sai yace:
Arabic
“Haka masu ilimi suna shedun sane, ya sanyasu su zama shedunsa, akan
cewa shi kadaine, “WAHADAHU LASHARIKA LAHU”
Saboda haka abinda yafi komai
muhimmanci, sai aka nemo wadanda sukafi kowa aka sanyasu sheda saboda shaidar
ta tsaya. (Idan shaida bata tsaya b, saboda haka abinda ake shaida akansa bazai
tsaya ba).
To wannan shine Ubangiji
madaukakin sarki ya nuna mana irin matsayinda ilimi yake dashi don haka Allah
ya bawa masu wannan matsayi, matsayin su zama sune shedunsa a cikin halittarsa taba
gaba daya.
3) Allah Madaukakin Sarki ya
horewa Annabi Yusif (A.S) kyawu, irin na kakarsa Saratu, wannan kyawu na Annabi
Yusif sai ya hadu da abubuwa guda biyu;
Tarbiya ta
ruhi (wato imani cikikke).
Cikakken
hankali da zurfin hankali, Annabi Yusif da wadannan abubuwa suka hadu agareshi,
shi yasa matar da aka kaishi gurinta (wato uwar gijiyarsa) tunda ta ganshi
saita fitunantu dashi, karshe ta dinga kewayawa ta dinga kewayan harta shirya
abinda take bukata zai tabbata, da ranar tabbatar tazo shi kuma yaki, akarshe
abubuwa suka bayyana, matan gari sukaji suka dinga yi mata habaici, ana sukanta,
ana cewa: (acikin suratul yusif – ayata: 30).
Arabic
“Haqiqa matar sarki, taso
yaron dakinta soyayya tariga ta kama zuciyarta, muna ganinta, acikin soyayya
mabayyaniya.”
Shikenan da jin wannan, sai tace ni akewa wannan, to ban na shirya makirci,
saboda haka sai ta shirya taron matan manyan mutane, ta zaunar dasu aka kawo
tebura da komai, da abin yankawa, da wukake tace acigaba da yankamin zamuyi
taro, data tabbatar tarko ya kamasu, duk sun shagala cikin aiki, sai tace da
Annabi Yusif gashi na tara jama’a anata harkokin gida, gashi kai kuma kana gun xayazo
kawuce mana kayi musu sannu. Sai yace to yana zuwa yawuce yace ”sannunku da
aiki”, kowacce ta daga kai Allah yace:
Arabic
Suna daga
kai suka ganshi, sai suka girmamashi sukace tsarki ya tabbata ga Allah, wannan
abu xayane kawai baza muce masaba, (shiba Allah bane) amma mala’ika ne, ba kuma
na baya-baya ba ma cikin mala’iku yana cikin manya-manyansu.
Saboda haka
Nana Zulaihat ta shigo sai tace:
Arabic
“Sai tace dasu jarabbabbun
kawai, wannan saurayin shekara nawa yayi agurina banyi komai dashiba sai sau xaya
amma gashi ku gani xayakawai gashi duk kun yanke hannunwanku, kutashi kubawa
mutane guri.”
Sai sukace Yusifu sai ka amsawa uwar dakin taka ai tana da gaskiya. To da Annabi Yusif yaga abin ya
rikice sai yace:
Arabic
“Ya Ubangi nafiso kakaini
kurkuku domin na kubuta daga kaidin wadannan.”
To anan kaga kyan jiki, da kyan kira su suka kai Annabi Yusif (AS) kurkuku.
Xayakaishi kurkuku, to me ya fito dashi? Shine ilimi.
Xayashiga kurkuku yana ta harkokinsa acikinta, sai wasu daga cikin mutanan
fada laifi ya kawosu, su kaga anata girmamashi, sai sukace ya za’a yi haka mune
kusa da sarki ba’a girmamamu sai wani wa-gairahum kawai, saboda haka ban muyi
maganinsa, suna zuwa sai sukace sunyi mafarki xayayace yayi mafarki anyi masa
wanka an mai dashi aiki, dayan yace “shi kuma yayi mafarkin towa akansa tsuntsaye
suna tsattsaga, da suka gaya masa sai suka ce sunason ya fassara musu, to da ya
tashi sai yace dasu. (ayata : 37)
Arabic
“Babu wani abinci da yake zuwa
sai na fara gaya muku yadda za’ayi abincin, idan da daddare ne sai yace “gobe
da safe abinci iri kaza za’ayi na karin kumallo, in anci abincin safe sai yace
darana abunci iri kaza za’ayi, kuma sai suga irinsa akayi sai yace da daddare irin
kaza za‘ayi, sai yace wannan labari da nake baku na abinci yana daga cikin
ilimin da Ubangiji limitar dani.”
Saboda haka sai ya fara tsaramusu yayi ta kokarin ya jawosu kan tauhidi ya
nuna musu shi ko dan gidan suwanene xayagama, sai yace to ga fassarar
mafarkinku, kai za’ayi maka wanka ka koma kan aikinka, kai kuma za’a tsireka
tsuntsaye sudinga cin namanka.
Sai suka ce
ai karya muke ba mafarki mukayiba, sai yace:
Arabic
“Sai yace ai anriga angama
tunda kuka tsokano, kuka roka, kukace a fassara muku to anriga angama baza
ayanka ta tashiba.”
To shikenan kuwa abin ya tabbata.
To dayan da zai futa sai yace dashi “UZUKURNI INDA RABRIK” in kaje ka gayawa
sarki ubangidnka kace akwai wani bawan Allah acikin kurkuku da aka kamashi.
Annabi Yusif shikuma a matsayinsa
na Annabi babba mai daraja, yayi abinda ake kiransa.
Arabic
Saboda haka sai Allah yabarshi ya
mantar da wancan ya samu shekaru daga uku zuwa tara
ya kara acikin kurkukun. Da Allah yayi nufin fitar dashi sai sarki yayi mafarki
mai bantsoro aka rasa yadda za a fassara wannan mafarki to sai a lokacine
wannan mutumin ya tuna da Annabi Yusif saiyace “ai kuwa akwai wani bawan Allah malamin
gaske a kurkuku, a turani gurinsa zai iya fassara wannan mafarki, sai sukace
jeka. Yana zuwa sai yace:
Arabic
“Ya kai Yusufu mai yawan gaskiya bamu labarin shanu guda bakwai
kiba-kiba da kuma wasu bakwan ramammu, amma rammamun suka cinye masu kibar,
akwai kuma zangarniyoyi guda bakwai wadanda suke koraye musa kyan gani, da kuma
wasu bakwan busassu, sai masu bushewar suka darsu wadancan duka sumasuka kone. Aka gaya
Da yaje yagayawa sarki kaji-kaji
ya fassara mafarkin, sarki yace aje a gayamasa ya fito, da aka gaya
Arabic
“Yanzu gaskiya ta bayyana hakiqa nice na nemeshi shi kuma yaqi, haqika
shi mai garkiya ne”
To anan annabi Yusif ya fito daga kurkuku afuwa akayi masa ko kuma me? Ba a
yi masa afuwaba, to da ba ilimi sai ya fito, sai ace al-tafuwal malakine ya
sameshi, (Sarki ne yayi masa afuwa amma wannan tuhuma tananan akansa). ”Kurkuku
dai kyaleshi akayi.” To sai da ya nuna a iliminsa cewa inda akasan zaman takewa
da ilimin siyasa to mutum bazai yadda da wannan ba, sai da aka tabbatar bada
laifi ya shiga kurkuku, bisa kuskure ya shiga, wannan tuhumar babu ita akansa
wankakkene, zaman da yayi a kurkuku, zamane na wani dalili amma ba laifin da
ake tuntubarsa akansa ba, to sannan ya fito.
Yana fitowa yazo ya sami sarki malaman tarihi sukace da yazo fada sarki sai
ya ganshi da karancin shekaru, sai yace “to bari in bige wannan yaron, sarki sai
yayi masa wani yaren dama suna cikin sarakunan BUKUSUS. Da yazo yayi masa yare sai
ya amsa da ya sake yi masa wani yaren sai ya sake amsawa ance sai da yayi masa
yare daban-daban kala (70) duk Annabi Yusif yana amsasu, to saiAnnabi Yusif
yayi wa sarki yare kala xayasarki sai ya kasa amsawa to shikenan sai sarki
yace: (aya mta: 54).
Arabic
“Yau agurinmu kana da matsayi
kana da mukami kuma yau kai amintaccen mune.”
Saboda haka sai yace:
Arabic
“Kadauki Treasurer na kasar
gaba xayaka dan kata a hannuna domin ma da amana kuma inada tattalin arzikin da
zan iya tafiyar da wannan al-amari ba tare da na sami karyewa ba,” saboda da wahalar da zakuzo ku shiga
nan gaba idan ba mai Ilimi mai amana to ba wanda zai iya fitar daku, saboda
haka sarki ya naxashi a matsayin babban ma’aji, to wannan shin yana nuna mana irin
falalar da ilimi da masu ilimi suke dashi.
Annabi Yusif (A.S) kyan kirar
jiki ta kaishi kurkuku, sannan kuma ilimi ya fito dashi, daga cikin kurkuku, sannan
kuma ya xaurashi akan kujerar mulki wacce Allah yake cewa:
Arabic
“Allah ya xaura shi akan
karagar mulki” ya samu mulki saboda haka da ilimi ya sami wannan”
4) Sannan
wani abin da ilimi yake dashi shine: Ubangiji Maxaukakin Sarki ya tsara cewar duk
wani abu da mutum yake dashi na duniya, idan ya dauka ya bayar to wannan abin
ya ragu, amma banda ilimi, in dukkan mutanen duniya zasu taru kabasu ilimi to
babu wani abu da zai ragu daga cikin ilimin ka sai daima ya karu.
5) Yana daga
cikin abinda Allah ya bawa ilimi na baiwa da fifiqam (ba’a iya kwaceshi) misali
duk abinda xan adam yake dashi ana iya kwace shi arabashi dashi amma banda
ilimi, ko gwamnati ta kwaceshi tace ya zama nata, ko kuma wani ya kwaceshi da
karfin tuwo, ya mirxe ka ya kwace abin da mutum yake dashi to shi ilimi ba’a yi
masa haka.
6) Sannan
kuma yana daga cikin fifiko na ilimi duk abinda Allah ya bawa wani nadaga
baiwaAllah idan yaso baya shayi baya tsoro sai ya kwaceshi, amma Ubangiji ba
yaiwa ilimi haka.
Misali idan Allah ya bawa mutum dukiya yana iya kwaceta, ya mai dashi
talaka, sa dai adinga bada labari, ana cewa kaga da wanefa mai kuxine, amma
yanzu ya zama bashida komai ya zama shawuya; Allah yana bawa mutum mulki ya qwace
sai dai kaji ancewa wane “murabus” da mai mulkine amma yanzu sai dai na
gidansa, Allah yana bawa mutum xa, ko ‘ya’ya, idan ya so sai ya karve su,
saidai kaji ana cewa wane ya haifi ‘ya’ya kaza, amma yanzu bashi da ko da xayasun
mutu, yana ba mutum mace ya aura ya karbe, yana ba mutum imani ya karbe, yana
ba mutum iafiya ya karbe, amma in ya bashi abu xayatak baya karbewa wannan
shine ilimi. Duk wanda Allah ya bawa ilimi ya bashi kenan bazai karbeba har ya
mutu da kayansa, shiya sa Shugaba (S.A.W) yake cewa acikin wani hadisi
ingantacce:
Arabic
“Allah baya
kwace ilimi daga cikin zuciyar masu shi (ya kwaceshi, ya ciresshi ya barsu
fanko), Allah baya haka, sai dai in yanason karbar ilimi sai ya karbi ran
malami kawai.”
Arabic
“Idan Allah ya karbe ran masu ilimi, sai masu lilmi suka qare, kuma
rayuwar duniya tana cike da mishkila, da bukatu iri daban-daban, da matsalaloli,
da harkoki, su kuma suna da bukatar illmi” sai abar mutane cikin fagamniya idan
sukazo sukayi fatawa ga jahilai sai a shir masu wanigurin (sai su amsa ba dai-dai
ba) sai su bata su kuma batar saboda haka daganan bala’i ya abku.”
Wanda Imamu Ahmad bn Hambali
(R.A) yake cewa xan adam yana da bukatar yaci abinci akalla sau xayaako wacce
rana domin ya rayu batare da matsalaba, (ya Abukutada rayuwarsa daga halaka
amma ilimi a yana bukatarsa a kowane fitar numfashi guda xaya domin za’aiya
hisabi akan fitar wannan numfashi.
To anan Annabi (S.A.W) ya nusar
damu abubuwa guda biyu (2)
i) Ya nuna mana ilimi Allah yana
ladafawa masu shi yana tausasa musu yana tsarairayarsu, yana girmamasu baya yi musu
abinda ya kewa kowa. Sannan kuma ya kare su daga baiwar da yayi musu baya
kwaceta.
a) Shine Ibn Nasir yake cewa:
Yanzu irin duk gogewar da tafi
tare kenan.
b) Idan masu dukiya sun gadarwa
‘ya’yansu dukiya da alfarma, ina mamakin tsyiyacewar ‘ya’yan malamai, idan basuyi
karatuba sai dai adinga cewa dan malam ka qi halin malam.
ii) Sannan a wannan hadisi
Shugaba (S.A.W) yana nuna cewa, rasa masu ilimi shine babban bala’i a duniya
domin yana nuna alamar rugujewar duniya gabaki xayatazo, xan adam zai shiga
cikin bala’i, domin duk abinda karasashi a duniya akan iya zama lafiya amma
banda malami,duk randa aka rasa malamai to an shiga bala’i, duk sanka akan kabi
Allah da irin qoqarinka akan bin Allah, duk irin fatawarka akan bin Allah,
indai ba masu ilimi ne su kaje suka baka kaje kabi, to da qa’idarsu, gabaki xaya
acikin bala’i zaku qare gobe alkiyama kuma ku tafi wuta, Allah ka kiya shemu
ameen.
Saboda haka Annabi (S.A.W) yana nuna mana falalar ilimi da masushi da kuma
yadda ya kamata al’umma, su dinga kaffa-kaffa da masu ilimi idan suka kauce ayi
qoqarin aga cewar wani ya komo gurin duk dadai cewar duk mai ilimin da ya kauce
ba’a mai da gurbunsa, sai dai amai da qasa dashi, domin magaji, to wannan shine
ya nuna mana irin falalar da ilimi yake dashi da kuma rayuwarsa shine alamar
tashin duniya. Sannan har ila yau imamu Bukhari ya rawaito hadisi ta kan Anas
bn Maliki cewa:
Arabic
“Yana daga cikin alamar tashin
alkiyama da rugujewar duniya, shine a xauke ilimi ya zama masu xauke dashi
sunyi qaranci, kuma jahilci ya maye ko’ina, kai harma a dinga tinka xashi.”
To wannan
yana nuna mana duniya tazo karshe kuma komai zai ruguje ya lalace. Allah ya kiyayemu
ameen.
7) Sannan
shi ilimi yana daga cikin abinda Shugaba (SAW) yake cewa, Ubangiji Madaukakin
Sarki shi yake zavar masu shi acikin hadin da yake cewa:
Arabic
“wanda duk Allah ya nufeshi da alheri to zai fahintar dashi addini”
Sai ya ce:
“Annabi (S.A.W) yace “Nine kasimu (mairabawa) Ubangi
Allah koma shine mai bayarwa.”
To acikin wannan hadisin kuma
akarshe Annabi yake cewa “duk juyin da
za’a yi al’umar nan bazata zama cikin vataba, har qiyama tazo, ko kuma
al’amarin Allah yazo”.
A wannan hadisin Shugaba (SAW)
yana nuna mana “ALKHAIRUL MARBUBUN FIHI” al’heri da ake kwaxayi a sarnu shine
ilimi, shi kuma baiwace wacce Allah yake zavar wanda yakeso ya bawa, sai ya
bashi, shi Annabi (S.A.W) aikinsa shine ilimantarwa.
To
kuma in anbida ilimi ba kuma kowanne yake da shiba, domin
Arabin
Dayawa akwai wanda yake iya
haddace littafan fikihu, amma ba fakihi bane,
Arabin
Dayawa aikaga mutum yana tinqaho
da ilimi sai ya xauki ilimi, ya kaishi gurin wanda ya yafishi fahimta.
Ita fahinta ba shaida bace ta
satifiket, ta wata jami’a, ka sani shedar digiri, ko mastas, ko ka sani PHD, da
sauransu, to duk wannan baya nuna cewar kasamu fikihu fiddin. Fikihu fiddini
baiwace wacce Allah yake bayar da ita ga wanda yaso kawai, kuma yadda yaso haka
yake bayar da ita.
To ita wanna baiwa ta “FIKIHU
FIDDINI” Hujjatul Islam Imamu Gazzali ya fassarata da cewa “shine duk mai ilimin
da ya yarda cewa lahira tafi duniya” to shine fikihu fiddin. Saboda haka zaka
sameshi da aiki na gari, duniya bata dameshiba bata xaxashi da kasaba saboda
yasan wal-qiyace kawai, da ta wuce shi kenan.
*
To shi wanda Allah ya bashi fikihu fiddin, a sanar dashi tafarkin
aljannah dodar, ko sharafa yake, in zaka tambayeshi, da mai sharafa yana iya
bayani, to zai maka bayanin yadda zaka shiga aljannah, saboda Allah yayi masa
baiwa ta fahintar addini. Allah kayi mana wannan baiwar ameen.
*
Sannan yasan yadda zai tsira ya kuma san yadda zai tserar da waxansu.
*
Maganarsa zama take maganin tsatsar zukata, wanda suke fitar mugunya,
yanzu da ya faxi magana sai yazama maganin wannan cutar.
*
Maganarsa zama take maganin talaucin zuciya, xayafaxi magana sai zuciya
ta wadata ta zama wani abu a gurin Allah.
*
Sannan kuma yasan makircin shexan, yasan shigo-shigo ba zarfi irin na
shexan yasan arautaki, da kugayar da shexan yake farautar mutane saboda haka da
shexan ya ganshi sai yace ban mu tattara inamu-inamu ga wanda zaimana bukulunan
yazo, domin bazai iya tunkararsa ya cuceshiba, sannan kuma mutukar jama’a suna
tare dashi to shexan bazai iya nasara dasuba.
To wannan ce baiwar da Annabi
(S.A.W) yake cewa sai wanda Allah ya nufa da alheri yake bawa wanda shaixan
bazai iya yi masa komai ba.
‘HIKAYA’ wani bawan Allah shexan
yayi masa irin shigo-shigo ba zurfi sai ya tsammaci ya zama na Allah ance idan
yazo guri ya xaga ‘yan yatsunsa sai kawai aga zuma tana zuba dalala ta tsakanin
hannu, sai azo da qwarya ayita tara anasha, sai ya xauka qaramace, to malaminsa
da yake shi yasan sharrin ibilis yana da fikihu fiddini ba karatu kawaiba, da
yaji labari, sai yace, Allah ya taimaki almajirinnan manu da Allah yasa ina da
rai, ba dan haka ba sai ya gane dashi, yace bari muje mu ceceshi, da malamin
nasa yazo sai zuma tayi ta kwarara, sai ya amsa masa da ainun (ai hakane) sai
yace shi yasa muma mukazo musha albarka, ya buxe hannu sai ga hannun qandas,
akayi-akayi zuma ta zuba, sai gashi ba zuma ba xalibin, sai malamin nasa yace
dashi tashi kasan Allah, shexanne yake wasa dakai, mukuma idan muna gurin bai
isa yazo ya kawo wani wasaba, saboda duk wani shigo-shigo ba zurfinsa mun
sanshi, kai kwantansa muke tayarwa bai isaba, koma kaje kasan Allah, kayi
maganin shexan, in ba hakaba ya halakaka gobe qiyama ka zauna gida xayatare
dashi. To Annabi (S.A.W) ya nuna mana wanda Allah ya nufa da alheri shi yake
bawa wannan ilimi.
Arabic
8) Sannan wannan ilimi Allah ya
ajiyeshi ya zama shine fitila kuma shine jagora na imani, idan babu ilimi to
baza’a iya imani ba, domin mutum zai zo yana ta abubuwa yana ta shirbicinsa
amma baisan lokacin da zai warware duk abinda ya shukaba, kuma sanin Allah sa
idan ba akan ilimi yayi ba kunfar kogine kawai, komai yazo sai yatafi dashi
iska tana zuwa sai ta watsa shi, shi imani so ake sai akan ginshiqi mai qarfi
ake xorashi sai ya zauna, shine iliminshi yasa acikin alqur’ani Allah
Madaukakin Sarki yake cewa:
Arabic
“Bakuyi duba akan kawunan kuba, akan kanba idan kayi duba, kayi ilimi ka
fahimci kanka”
To anan zakasan Allah (S.W.T) irin
sanin da babu wanda ya isa yazo ya rabaka da wannan sanin, saboda kayl ilimi
akansa, to sai da ilimi ake gane Allah (S.W.T), kuma abishi ayi imani mai karfi
kuma dashine akejin tsoran Allah (S.W.T) dan hakane Allah yake cewa:
Arabic
”Kaxai acikin bayin Allah masu
jin tsoransa sune malamai.”
Akwai qira’ar da take cewa:
Arabic
Fassarar
wannan: “Acikin bayin Allah wandada Allah
ya halitta, kuma yake jin nauyinsu malamai ne kadai”
Ita wannan qira’ar abinda take nunawa a cikin bayin Allah malamai suka xai
Allah yake jin nauyinsu kuma yake jin kunyarsu, su kaxai wadanda basu da ilimi karabilo
ne babu ruwan Allah dasu.
Sannan shi Ilimi shine garkuwa ta imani, shine abinda yake hana mutum fada
cikin abinda zai rabashi da imani, ko yayi imani ya warware, kamar yadda idan
yayi alwala, ya shiga bayan gida alwalarsa zata warware yan zunnan wawa jahili
zai faxi kalmar da zata rabashi da imani nan take ta ja masa kisa, shi yasa ake
cewa malami xayamasani mai tsentseni yafi jahilai dubu masu ibada, agurin shexan
idan mutum kawai zai kama ibada yayi tayi, shexan da yazo kawai sai ya tureta,
ya ruguzata, ta inda ma ba za a iya samo maikamarta ba, amma idan akwai ilimi sai
ya kare imanin duk abinda zai ruguza abinka ba zai yuwu ba, kalmomin ka ba zasu
jawowa mutum komai ba, aikace-aikacanka masu tsafta wanda ba zasu jawo
rugujewar komai ba, malamai suna cewa:
Arabic
”Wato fasadine mai girma
malami mai karakata alfarmar Allah tare da alfarmar ilimi, yaje yayi ta abinda
yaga dama.”
Amma wanda ya fishi illa shine jahili mai ibada, “jahiline kungurmi kullum sai
sallah, sai azumi, sai riqe carbi amman bai san komai ba.” Yace wannan yafi komai
illa domin addini zai dinga yiwa karan tsaye yana lalatashi.
9) Ilimi
shine sharadin nakarbar kowanne muqami na mulki, idan babu shi mutum bazai iya
riqe kowanne irin muqami ba, sai dai yaje ya zama lebura, yayi ta share-share
da goge-goge kawai a bashi. Amma ya riqe wani mukami A-A. Shi yasa Ubangiji
yake gaya mana acikin kissar banu Isra’ila bayan wucewar Annabi Musa (A.S)
Baqara: (aya ta: 246-247).
Sukace Annabinsu
ya roqa musu Allah ya naxa musu sarki suje suyi yaqi, saboda Allah to da Allah
ya basu sarkin, sai sukace: ya wannan zai shugabance mu alhalin mu muka fishi
cancanta, gashi bashi da kuxi yana talakansa kawai sai yazo ya shugabance mu, sai
Allah yace:
“Allah ya zabeshi ya fifitashi
akanku ya bashi ilimi da lafiyar jiki.”
Saboda haka sai da lafiya sai da ilimi ake shugabanci, saboda haka ilimi
shine sharaxin samun muqami ako’ina.
10) Ilimi
shine yake bayyana farashin ayyuka daban-daban, domin kowacce ibada da Allah
yace ayi sai da yayi mata farashi, wata tafi wata, to baza ka iya sanin
farashin ibada ba sai kana da ilimi, idan kana da ilimi zakasan farashinta, da
an xaga maka ibada za kace ga farashinta, saboda haka idan kasan wacce inkayi
za’a baka daraja (100) da wadda in kayi za a baka (50) da wadda za a baka (10)
in kana da ilimi nan take sai ka dauki wacce za a baka (100) xin, saboda kasan
farashinta kasan darajarta kayi komai, to a harkoki na duniya idan ana neman kwararre
idan akazo za’a yi siyayya shi ake sawa agaba, domin ya zava maka abu mai
kwaliti, kuma ya neman maka rangwame gurin saye, idan kuma sayarwa zakayi shi
zai nuna darajar abinka, ya nema masa qima, ya sashi yayi daraja. To haka Allah
yake, shima masana su sukasan wannan ”Misali ka futa daga gida izuwa masallaci
idan kana da ilimi ai karibanya masa niyya ta kai goma (10) kowacce Allah ya
baka lada, amma jahili kuwa shida ya fita daga gida yace masallaci zani shi
kenan, amma masani zai ce zani masallaci, a mazaunin almajiri zani, masallaci,
duka wanda yayi min gyara zan karba, saboda haka sai Allah ya baka ladan,
Arabic_
zani
masallaci a mazaunin mai kwaba idan naga abu ba dai-dai ba zanyi gyara, akai
zan nuna, in naga wanda ba ayi na kirki ba zan nuna ayi nan kuma sai kashiga
cikin
Nan sai Allah
ya baka wannan ladan.
Sannan in
zaka masallaci ka shafaturare domin Alummar usulmi su shaki kanshi ransu yayi
dax, nan kuma sai Allah ya baka ladan farantawa musulmi,
Sannan kuma
zan taf masallaci in zauna kafin liman ya fito dan neman murabidi, da Allah,
domin Shugaba (SAW) yana cewa:
*
Ka zauna kana jiran lokacin
sallah yayi Allah zai baka ladan murabadin wanda ya xaura xamara ya fita tsakanin
iyakar musulmi da kafurai ya zauna domin kariya ga qasashen musilmi, irin ladan
da Allah yake bawa waxannan na alheri, to irin
wannan zai bawa mai jiran sallah, to sai mutum ya tafi da wannan niyyar sai
Allah ya bashi.
*
Sannan sai yace na tafi da
niyyar yin jam’i domin raya sunnar Annabi (S.A.W) nan me sai Allah ya rubuta
ladan.
*
Na tafi da niyyar sallah ta
farillah wacce Allah Madaukakin Sarki ya falantamin sai Allah ya rubuta.
*
Ina son duk takuna a rubutamin
ladan, kuma a kan karemin zunubi dashi a tafiyata masallaci da dawo wata to duk
sai Allah yaba mutum wannan.
Amma idan mutum bashi da sani ya fitada niyya guda xayatak, shi kuma
Ubangiji yana cewa damu acikin mutane akwai:
Muktasidun-
wanda ya takaita a wajen aikin aiheri.
*
Akwai Zalimun Linafsihi- wanda
ya zalinci kansa.
*
Akwai kuma Sabikun bil
Khairat- wanda yayiwa mutane fintinkau awajan aikin aiheri, to haka akeso
asamu.
To ilimi shi yake bawa mutum danar farautar wannan alherin, kuma ilimine yake nuna masa darajar lokaci yasan lokaci
kaza, aiki iri kaza yafi aiki iri kaza, lafazi iri kaza yafi iri kaza, to duk
sai ya zabesu yayi tayi domin in antashi alqiyama sai ya zama yan birnin
aljannah domin zai shiga cikinta. (Suratul: waqi’atu: aya ta 10-26).
‘yan birinin
aljannah kenan suna kan gadaje wadanda akayi su da lu’u-lu’u da zinare da
azurfa, ga sunan sarakuna
wadanda, sarautarasu, takai tsaiko sukaci suka sha, suka hau gado, suka kishingixa
suka xau kafa suka xora xaya kan xaya sunayin sakace na isa bawai dan kawai
fitar da wani abu daga cikin hakoriba.
Ga kuma yara
qanana, sonata narai-narai, kamar lu’u-lu’u.
Akwai kofuna waxanda basu da mariki (saboda kofi mai mariki a aljannah
azabace) sannan kuma ga butoci wadanda suke cike dagiya mai babuga, kuma ba
tare da anyi wani ciwon kai ko anyi wata sokana ba. To wadannan sune ‘yan
birnin aljannah.
Wanda Allah yace: marigaya-marigaya, masu ilimi su suke samun wannan, masu binsu
kuma sune masu rayuwar karkara acikin aljannah, domin cewa yayi: (ayata 27-40).
Suna cikin magarya, domin inkaji ance za’a karkaxi magarya sai rayuwar
karkara, da kuma shuke-shuken dabinai da inuwa shinfixaxxiya.
Wacce za a
huta akarkashinta,
11) Sannan
yana daga cikin falalar neman sani, dashi Allah yake horewa mutum tafarkin aljannah
dodar. Yazo acikin wani hadisi wanda Imamu Turmizi da Abu-Dauda suka rawaito
daga Uwaimir (Abud-darda’i) (R.A) Manzon Allah (S.A.W) yana cewa:
Fassara:
Manzon Allah yace: Wadda duk ya yanke tafarki, ko ya dauki littafinsa domin ya
tafi makaranta, yaje ya nemi sani wanda zai tsira a lahira, wanda anan duniya
zai zama mutumin kirki, ya zauna da jama’a lafiya, ya tashi zai tafi wannan
gurin, sai Annabi (SAW) yace da albarkar tafiya izuwa wannan karatun, Allah zai
hore masa tafarkin izuwa aljannah. Malaman qarshen larabci suna cewa:
Wato idan
akazo da suna Nakira (wato wanda ba a sani ba, kamar a Hausa kace, wane wani
mutum dazu yazo, yana neman ka.
Wani mutum= wannan shi ake kira nakira, sukace idan akazo da suna nakira
kuma da akayi gaba sai aka mayar da ita ma arifa, to na farkon ake nufi, kace ”wane
wani mutum yazo yana nemanka kaga baka sanshiba kenan kuma ya zama nakira, sai kace
dashi “to sai wannan mutum in yace nace nace maka kaza.”
To haka ta biyu “sai wannan mutamin xin da kace ya mayar dashi ‘MA’ARIFA’
yana nuna maka wancanxin da baisani ba shine ya bada wannan sakon.
Amma idan yace maka wani mutum dazu yazi, sai wani mutum yace abaka saqo,
kasan ba wannan na farkon yake nufiba shine munufar
Idan kazo da
nakira ka sake zuwa da nakira bana farko kake nufiba.
To ananan sai shugaba (S.A.W) yace:
Wanda yabi
wani ta-farju
Sai yace
Baice
Ma’ana wannan tafarki ba shine na
farko ba, tafiyarka ta neman ilimi da ban amma kuma dalilin tarce Allah zai
hore maka wani tafarkin daban, bai ce Allah zai shigar dakai Aljannah ba.
Ya kamata mu fahimci wannan: -
Annabi (SAW) cewa yayi duk wanda yabi tafarkin neman ilimi, Allah zai heromasa
tafarkin zuwa aljannah, domin shi ilimi abu biyu ne acikinsa “ ko ya zama hujja
a gareka, ko kuma yazama hujja akanka.” In ya zama hujja agareka, shine za a
sama maka wata hanya, kasamu muwafaqa, ilimi yazama na Allah hanyoyin Allah kake
bi, wannan hanyar da kake bi to da ita Allah zai hore maka, kana mutuwa ana
tashi ranar alqiyama, dodar zaka wucewarka aljannah wannan shine abinda Annabi
(SAW) yake so ya nuna mana cewar wancan tafarki yana da bambamci da wannan.
Sannan kuma Annabi (S.A.W) xayafaxa mana haka sai yace mana sannan mala’iku
kuma, suna shinfixa fuka-fikinsu ga me neman ilimi, idan ka fito zaka
makaranta. Malaman hadisi sukace shugaba (S.A.W) a wannan hadisi sai yadinga yi
masa taukidi yana qarfafa maganar, domin cewa yayi ‘INNAL MALA’IKATA’ haqiqa
mala’iku LATADHA’U sai ya sake zuwa da wani LAMUL MUZAHLAKA: haqiqa mala’iku
lallai suna shinfida fukafukansu (saboda abune na gaibu) Annabi sai ya qarfafashi
da maganarsa mai gaskiyi mata taukidi dan ka yarda akwai.
Allah yana sa mala’iku su shinfida fukafukansu ga masu neman ilimi suna
takawa saboda me, domin su masu fishine da fushin Ubangiji masu yarda da
yardarsa, duk abinda Allah yakeso mala’iku zakaga suna rawar jiki akai, saboda
haka abinda kake na neman ilimi Allah yana so, saboda haka mala’iku suke neman
suyi gwaninta dornin su qara samun matsayi a gurin Allah saboda kai.
Tambaya:
Amma mai yasa ba aji?
Amsa: Dalili
shine domin ka tafi saboda Allah, sai Annabi (S.A.W) yace “wa innal alima” haqiqa
malami, wanda yake da sani yake koyar da bayin Allah, duk halittar da take sama
gaba xaya, data kasa suna nema masa gafara a gurin Ubangiji, wanda Annabi
(S.A.W) yace asama, babu gurin da zaka saka ‘yan yatsunka huxu face akwai mala’ika
duk faxin sama mala’iku ne suka cikata damqar nishi take saboda tsananin cikar
da tayi, amma Annabi (S.A.W) yace duk abinda yake cikinta yana haba-haba damai ilimi,
yana ta rawar qafa dashi saboda yasan waye shi a gurin Allah.
Sai da Annabi (S.A.W) ya sake cewa “INNA- sannan yace LAYASTAGAFIRU” yace
dukkan halitta da take qasa yace harda kifi da yake ruwa (domin halittar cikin
ruwa da tururuwa wacce take yawo a cikin raminta amma tana istigifari ga mai
neman ilimi.
Amma maye dalilin dayasa malamai suka sami wanan daraja duk halittar sama
data qasa suke haba-haba dasu? Sai Annabi (S.A.W) yace. AL-ULAMA’U WARASATUL
ANBIYA’I” malamai sune magada Annabawa, sune waxanda in kazo kafaxi Magana da
karfi a gabansu ko ka shekara (70) kana ibada sai Allah ya rusheta, ko waye kai
baza ka xaga murya a gaban malami ka faxi abinda ranka yakeso ba, sai Allah ya
rusa ibadarka, saboda waxanda suke gadar haka Allah zakmusu suma kuma haka
Allah zai yi musu. Sai Annabi (S.A.W) yaci gaba “INNAL ANBIYA’A LAM YU WAR’RATHUL
DINARRA WALA DIRHAMIN” su Annabawa basu bar gadan basubar gadan azurfaba, ilimi
suka bari shine gadansu, wanda duk Allah yasa ya sami ilimi to wannan shine ya
sami babban rabo daga cikin rabon da Allah_yake rabawa acikin al’ummarsa, gaba
daya) to wannan hadisin shi kaxai ya isa ya wadatar damu, akan faiaiar Nimi da
kuma martabar malamai.
11) Yana
daga cikin martabar ilimi da masu shi, shine fadan Shugaba (S.AW):
Fassara:
“Duniya da duk abinda yake cikinta babu abinda yake da qima agurin Allah, (duk
ababan la’anane agurinsa yace waxanda suke da qima agurin Allah, shine
ZIKIRULLAHI da abinda ya shafeshi kamar su Sallah, Azumi, Sada zumunci, gaskiya
rikon amana, rike alkawari.
Sai kuma malami mai koyarwa da kuma dalibi mai zuwa ya koya.
Wadannan
sukaxai suke da ilimi agurin Allah kawai amma in bandasu komai kake gani acikin
wannan duniya bashi da wani qima agurinsa, da abin duniya yana da qima guda xaya
agurin Allah ko da dai-dai da fukafukin sauro, to da Allah bai bawa kafuri ruwa
koda magwarwa xaya a duniya ya shaba, baya da qima shiyasa ya saka ta haka, waxanda
suke da qima a gurinsa sune waxanda Annabi (S.A.W) ya lissafa.
AKHALA
KIYATUL MU AL-LIM
Akwai xabi’u
da halaye da akeso masu ilimi su siffantu dasu saboda da sune ilimin yake
amfani
Sune kamar
haka:
1. Ash-shi’unufil mas-uliyyah
Ya dinga jin cewa akwai nauyi da amana akansa wannan ilimi da Allah ya bashi
ba abanza ya bashi ba, badan kansa ya bashi ba, ya bashine saboda bayin Allah
gaba xaya shi yasa Allah yace:
“karanta da sunan Ubanglnka
wanda yayi hallita”
Kasan karamcin da Allah yayi na baka ilimi ya bakane dan amfanin sauran
halitta, ilimin nan ya zama rahama gareka, ya zama rahama ga sauran halitta, ba
kazama mai amfani dashi wajan cutar da jama’a ba, da kuma yin bukatar kanka ba,
wannan itace siffar masani ta farko ya zama ba kansa yake kulawa da shiba a
nauyin da yake kansa, na wannan, amana ta ilimi ita yake qoqarin ganin cewa sai
ya sauke.
Wannan masa’uliyyar irinta Imamu Ahmad bn Hambal (R.A) ya gamu da ita,
wanda yake shine Imamu Ahlussunnah wanda yake ya haddace hadisin Arinabi ya kai
miliyan xaya da dubu dari uku da doriya. Ko wanne da isnadina zai kawo maka shi
tar kamar Fatiha, to lokacin da akazo da rigimar Khalful qur’an, sai aka nemi
da lallai sai ya yarda da wannan sai yace” ai kuwa haka bata yiwuba, sai da ya
rasa ransa, akan hakan, akayi-akayi har aka kaishi kurkuku, babu abinda ba’a yi
masaba sai da takai ranar da aka sakeshi daga cikin kurkuku sarkar da take
jikinsa wadda aka xaureshi da ita ana kwanceta. Naman jikinsa yana zabtarewa
yana faduwa, amma yace ya yarda da wannan azabar, akan yaci amanar Annabi.
Domin a wannan lokacin da Immau Ahmad ya yarda da wannan da Al-umar Annabi
(S.A.W) ta halaka tun daga wannan lokacin har izuwa ranar tashin alkiyama.
Shine “Ash-shu’uni ful masa
uliyyah”
Masani ya ture ya zama juji
dukkanin wahala ya xauka domin al’umma ta tsira; haka akeso masani ya sami
wannan.
2. AL-AMANATUL ILIMIYYAH:
Amana ta ilimi itace ya zama iya
abinda malami ya sani, iya kansa kawai zai tafi, kar ka yarda ba ka san abuba
ka xora mutane akai, domin tserar da addini tare da mutane daga fadawa cikin
halaka. Wata rana Imamu Maliki (R.A) an turo wasu mutane daga wani gari mai
nisa, izuwa gareshi, domin suyi masa wasu tambayoyi akan mastalar addini
musulunci, waxannan mutanen sukwana anan sutashi, har suka zo madina yazo da
tambayoyi guda saba’in (70), ya karanta tambayoyinsu.
Imamu Malik ya amsa masa uku (3)
sauran kuwa, Maliku yace “Bansani ba” Yace me zan gayawa mutane?” yace “in kaje
kace musu Maliku baisani ba.” Wanna itace siffar masana.
Amma wanda bai sani ba da an tambayeshi abinda bashi da sani akai, sai yace
in ban bada amsa ba ai girmana zai faxi, nan danan sai ya bayar da Amsar ba
dai-dai ba yayi xinki a varaka, karshenta a cikin wandanda sukayi masa tambaya
akwai wanda yake da sani yana amsawa ba dai-dai ba, zai ce wannan mahaukaci ne
kawai, ya amsa abinda ba haka yake ba sai girmansa ya zube, kuma abinda ake
gudu kuma ya faru, amma dayace “ban sani ba” shikenan qima ta tashi Allah ya
yarda yana da ilimi, kuma yana da amana ta sani.
Sannan yazo yayi bayani, zai dangana ra’ayi ga masu shi, idan ya san mas’ala
ta savani ce, zai futo ya fadeta yace ”ga ra’ayin su wane ga arayin su wane
gashi-gashi in akwai tarjihi, ana rinjayar da xaya kan xaya to sai ya fada.
Amma wanda bashi da siffar ilimi, in yana da ra’ayi, to ra’ayin daya
karkata akai to shi zai dinga dora mutane sai ya rufe waccen ra’ayin, harma
daga karshe ya dinga nunawa ra’ayinsa duk wanda bai bi wannan ra’ayin ba to fa
ya kafurta, to duk wanda yake da wannan bashi da amana ta ilimi.
3) AT-TAWADHI’U
Yana daga cikin siffar masana (Malamal) kaskantar da kai.
Masani tawari’u yakeyi saboda shugaban masana na duniya baki xaya shine
Annabi (SA.W) babu wanda ya fishi Tawari’u.
Lokacin da Adiyyu Dan Hatimuddai yazo Madina ya fara gamuwa da Annabi
(S.A.W) ya karveshi hannu biyu-biyu yace “Adiyyu ne?
Annabi yace “Naso ace naga mahaifinka, duk da cewa mahaifinsa a jahiliyya
HATIMUDDAI shine mutumin da aka sameshi me kyauta, azamanin Larabawa na
jahiliyya bata tabasamin mai kyauta kamar saba,” wannan dabi’artasa ta kyauta
ita Annabi yayi sha’awa yace ”Naso ace nayi musharaka dashi,” sai ya karbeshi
suka gaisa, su kayi maganganu, sai yace to mutafi gida, sun taho zasu tafi
gida, sai yaga Annabi suna lafita in yarinya ‘yar karama ta fito ta tsai dashi sai
ya tsaya, sai tayi magana in tagama, sai Annabi (S.A.W) yace kin gama? In tace
A, sai suyi gaba, sai yaga wannan talaka ya tsai dashi, wannan masakin ya tsai dashi, sai Adiyyu yace” to daga nan sai
nasan wannan ba basa rake bane, Annabi ne, tun da, yana da kasqantar da kai, da
sukaje can gidan Annabi, sai Annabi ya tuve mayafinsa ya shinfida masa yace to
zauna, sai yace a’a kai zauna, sai Annabi yace “ai kaine baqona saboda haka kai
zan girmama, sai Adiyyu yace to daganan na sallama masa nasan cewa wannan
Annabi ne ba duniya yazo nema ba.”
To masani shi yake tawari’u ya kaskantar da kansa. To Allah ne yake xaukakawa
idan ya daga darajarka a AL-MALA’ULA ALA, anan duniya kowanne yazo ya taka ba
komai, amma acan an sanka idan alqiyama tazo sai Allah ya nuna menene darajar mai
ilimi.
To don haka ba’a yarda da girman kai agurin malamai ba.
4) AL-IZZATUL ILIMIYYAH
Jin izza ta sani, shine masani kada ya yarda a tozarta ilimi, a’a shi ba
kansa yake kalloba, qimar ilimi yake dubawa, dan baiwace ta Allah kuma gadan
Annabawa ne, shiyasa ba’a yarda atozartashi.
Shi yasa lokacin da Imamush-shafi’i ya kamala karatunsa agurin1mamu Maliku zai
tafi, wasiyar da yayi masa a mazauninsa na mamaminsa sai yace, “inayl maka
wasiya da abu guda uku (3)
a) In ka tashi zama kusa da mai mulki (ma’ana wani abu ne larura ya jawo ka
zauna tare da shi) to karka yarda ka zauna gaka gashi, ka dinga barin tazara
tsakaninka dashi, yace “wannan na yi maka wasiyya karike wannan.
To me Imamu Maliku yake nufi da wannan shine domin acikin fada akwai ‘yan
morin wadanda suka isa agurinsu, idan sukazo mai mulki bazaiji kunyar cemaka
matsa wannan ya zauna ba, to su agurinsu duk randa aka yiwa mai ilimi wannan to
an wulaqanta ilimi, saboda haka baihalatta mai ilimi ya ban wannan ta sami
ilimi ba.
b) karka yarda kashiga fadar kowanne irin
mai mulki, sai kasan acikin fada akwai wanda ya sanka, domin in babu sai
an nemi kayi bayani kanka kai kuma bazaka fito kayi bayanin kanka kace kai neman
ilimi in kaza ba in kaza to su kuma basu san qimar wannan ilimi ba, karshe
abinda zasu yi maka “wulaqanci” shi kuma ilimi ba’ayi masa wannan, “Abu-Hazim
ya taba shiga gurin xaya daga cikin halifofin banu Umayyah, bayan an kammala
aikin hajji Halifa yasa har sa’a masa kujera kusa da ka’aba ya zauna, ga karagu
manya, mutane sun kewaye anata fadanci sai ga Abu-hazim ya shigo, to hanunnunsa
xaya ashanye yake, qafarsa xaya itama a shanye take, yana girgawa, kuma gashi
idansa xaya amma kuma “Masani ne,” yana shigowa da Khalifa ya ganshi, kawai sai
ya tashi daga karaga. ya bashi ya zauna, da ya zauna sai yace “ina yl maka
wasiyya ka kula da masallacin Annabi (SA.W) ka kuma kulada Haramin Makkah,
domin waxannan sune manyan masallatai agurin musulmi sai yace ”in allah ya
yarda zan kula bazan bari su tozarta ba, sai yace ”ina yi maka wasiyya ka kula
da ’yayan sahabbai Muhajiruna (wadanda su kayi hijra) da kuma ‘yayan Ansaru
domin iyayensu su suka miqe suka zage dantse har musulunci ya kafu har kai
kazama halifah sai yace ”In allah ya yarda ’ya’yan Muhajiruna da Ansaru babu
wanda zai tozaarta ba wanda zai wahala zan kula dasu, sai yace ina yi maka
wasiyya ka kula da al’ummar Annabi (S.A>W) domin Annabi yana son al’umarsa
kuma saboda ita yayi duk abinda yayi, gashi kuma saboda haka kazama Khalifa sai
yace ”in Allah ya yarda babu wani mutum daga acikin al’ummar Annabi da zan bari
ya tozarta zan kula da haqqinsa daya gama, sai Khalifa yace dashi ”To kai kuma
me kakeso ayi maka?” sai Abu-hazim yace ”Allah shi zai yimin amma ba kai ba.
To
wannan itace izzah ta ilimi. Shi kansa khalifah da kansa yace “zaka hiyal Hibbah”
wannan itace kamewa, shi yasa daya ganshi ya sauka daga kujerar ya bashi ita,
saboda yasan bashi da kwaxayi, kuma yasan girman abinda yake xauke dashi.
Arabic
5) AL-AMALU BIL MUKHTAMUL ILI
AIKI
DA SANI
Kar mutum ya zama na yana da ilimi amma kuma ya takeshi. Kaji ana cewa
“aiwane sani ya take, abinda ya karanta ba dashi yake amfani ba, to mai ilimi
ba asanshi da wannan ba, abinda ya kamata kuma ya fahinta dashi yake aiki, to
wannan shi ake bukata masani ya samu, idan ya samu sai Allah ya taimakeshi, ya
daga Alkadarinsa har izuwa aljannah fiddausi a ala, wanda muke roqon Allah yayi
mana ganda katar da dacewa dasu ameen.
ABUBUWAN DAYA WAJABA AKAN MAI
NEMAN ILIMI
Shi kuma mai koyon karatu:
1)
Kyakyawar niyyah, yana son ya
koyi ilimi ne saboda Allah, domin ya bautawa Allah, gyargyardan yadda zai iya
yadda Allah yakeso.
*
Kuma yana son yayi ilimi ne
domin ya raya Addini domin idan babu ilimi addini ba zai rayu ba
*
Kuma yana son yayi ilimi ne
domin ya g4a Allah godiya akan ni’imar hankali day-a bashi.
2)
Tsoran Allah: - domin Allah yace acikin suratul Bakara aya ta: 22)
Arabic
Kuji tsoron Allah sai Allah ya
sanar daku”.
Duk lokacin da kaji tsoron Allah, to sai Allah ya sanyawa
ilimin albarka.
3)
Yin Aiki da duk abinda ka sani domin Manzon Allah (SAW) ya ce:
Arabic
Wanda duk yayi aiki da abinda ya
sani sai Allah ya bashi gadon ilimi da bai san shiba duk inda ka koyi mas’ala xaya
in dai kayi aiki akai, sai Allah ya nusar da kai tara sai ta zama goma (10) shi
yasa Sahabban Annabi (S.A.W) a zamaninsu idan suka koyi aya xaya basa koyarta
biyu har sai sunyi aiki da ita sannan suci gaba, domin Abdilahi bn Umar (R.A)
ance saida ya shekara takwas, sannan ya haddace suratul Bakara gaba dayanta
domin yana tafiyane da Haddar da aikinta, da haddar da aikin to haka sahabbai
suka dingayi, kuma da aikine ilimi yake tsayawa.
4)
HUSUNULISMA’A
Kyakyawan sauraro,
idan anzo karatu mutum ya tattara hankalinsa gaba xaya ya zama abinda yazo yi xinnan
shine a gabansa.
Shehu Usmanu bn
Fodiyo, ance sun zauna acikin garin Katsina gurin wani malaminsu domin xaukar
karatu ance sai suka shekara a qarkashin wata bishiya amma basu san ko bishiyar
mecece ba, saboda su kawai karatu ne a gabansu, sai randa xan itaciyar ya nuna
ya fado akan littafinsu sannan suka xaga kai sukaga ashe itaciyar aduwace.
To haka akeso mai
koyon karatu ya duqufu wannan karatun shine kadai agabansa in yazo kawai
tattara hankalinsa zai yi gurin, xaya gurin malamin, ba rarrabashi zai yiba, (abinda
ya kawoshi da ban, abinda yake aikatawa kuma daban ba).
Lokacin da Imamu
Maliku (R.A) yana Madina ya zama rana ta ilimi ko daga ina ana zuwa, Yahaya ya
taso tun daga Andulus (Spain) a yanzu, ya kwana ya tashi ya kwana ya tashi yazo
har Madina, da yazo Madina yana koyon karatu gurin Imamu Maliku (R.A) rannan
sai giwa ta shigo garin Madina da rana tsaka, sai duk almajirai suka dare suka
tafi kallon giwa ga giwa har cikin gari, ana bin giwa ana kallo, ita kuma tana
tafiya, ya zamo makaranta ta dare babu kowa sai Yahaya shi kaxai, ne a zaune
Imamu Malik yana zaune, sai Imamu yace dashi Yahaya kai bazaka tafi kallon
giwarba?
Sai ya amsa masa “dacewa
ai ga giwata a zaune, saboda kai na baro garinmu, badan waccen giwar ba, kumama
guda nawa nagani a hanya? Saboda haka bazan bar abinda nazo yi sabodashi,
natafi izuwa abinda bashi ya kawoni ba, to sai Imamu Malik yasa masa suna
HAKIMUL ANSULUS.
5)
IYA TAMBAYA:
Ana so dalibi ya zama
mai iya tambaya wadda idan kayi ta zaka qaru wadda bata da amfani ba abinda da
jahilcinsa da saninsa duka dayane to kada mai neman ilimi ya qarar da lokacinsa
a wannan
Arabic
Kullum so ake ka
tambayi abinda, kasami amsarsa, to aqadarin ka ya karasama, a fagen ilimi, kuma
ka fahimta kuma ka samu abinda za kayi to haka akeso mai neman sani ya kasance.
Shi yasa Sahabban
Annabi (S.A.W) suka bar mana darasi wajen wannan iya tambayar, lokacin da Shugaba
(S.A.W) yace da sahabbansa
Arabic
Wannan zuciyar da kuke gani tana tsatsa kamar yadda karfe
yake tsatsa. Saboda su gwana yene, kumak qwararru, basu tambayeshi ta yaya
zuciya take tsatsa ba, sai suka ce masa ya-rasulullah to menene maganin
tsatsar?
Sai yace dasu:
“Karatun alqur’ani shine maganin, kaga sun sami magani.
6)
CIN HALAK:
Domin dukkanin mai neman karatu sai yaci halak sannan zai
sami ilimi, kuma aji tsoron Allah kale-kallon haramun da abubuwa da miyagun
halaye duk sai an rabu dasu sannan ilimi zai samu.
Imamu Shafi’I (R.A) ance yadda kasan photocopy haka
kwakwalwarsa take duk abinda ya saurara to nan take zai haddace shi ance “in zai
karanta littafi mai shafi biyu to sai ya rufe xaya shafin sannan zai iya
karanta shafin farko idan kuwa ba hakaba to gabaki xaya shafi biyun zai
haddace. To rannan da yazo yayi karatu sai yaga kasa haddacewa, sai ya tabbatar
da lamarin ya lalace, sai ya tafi gurin malaminsa Malam WAKI’U, yace masa “Haqiqa
na fara samun tangarxa a wajan qwaqwalwata, sai malamin nasa yace “to duk yadda
akayi ka savi Allah.” Kani sanci sabon Allah sai ka tsira, to shine da kansa
yake cewa:
Arabic
Fassara:
Yace: “Nakai kamar lalacewar Jadda girim waki’u
Sai ya shiyar da ni izuwa
barin savon Allah da nisantarsa,
Kuma yace “ilimi haskene na Allah da yake bayar
dashi baiwa ga wanda yaso,
Shi kuma baya bayar
do wannan bawar go mai sabo, in ya bawa mutum tarin karatu yaja ya fassara in
dai bashi tsoron Allah to wannan ba ilimi bane karatu ne kawai to don haka
ilimi saida tsoron Allah ake samunsa.
Sai Imamu Shafi’I
yace “sai naje nayi ta binkice, dana gama binkice sai na sami, ashe wata baiwar
Allah ce garin ta xauko wani abu, sai mayafinta ya yaye hannun ta yafito har
gwiwa, wannan hannun ya gai shine ya jawo masa wannan matsalar fahintar
iliminsa.
7)
Sayyadina Aliyu dan Abidalib (R.A)
Arabic
Sayyadina
Aliyu yace:
Kayi sani yakai mai
neman ilimi, baza kasami ilimi ba saida abubuwa guda (6) yanzu zan baka jerinsu
a bayyane:
1.
Kaifin hankali
2.
Kwadayin ilimi
3.
Hakuri
4.
Guzuri (Kudi)
5.
Koyarwar Malami
6.
Tsawon Zamani
8)
GIRMAMA ILIMI DA MA ABOTANSA
(MALAMAI)
Mai neman ilimi bazai samu malami ba, kuma iliminsa bazai
zama mai amfani ba, sai ya girmama shi, shine abinda malamai sukace:
Arabic
Fassara: Duk wanda ya kai wani matsayi to bakai gareshi saida
ganin girman manya, wanda kuma ya gaza kaiwa ga wannan matsayi bai gazaba face
da rashin ganin girman manya (affarmarsu).
Yana daga cikin girman ilimi girmama malami, Sayyadina
AIiyu (K.W) yana cewa:
Arabic
Fassara:
“Haqiqa ni na zava wa ga duk wanda ya sanar dani Harafi
koda guda xayane, in yaso ya sayar dani, idan yaso ya ‘yan tani, in ya so ya
bautar dani.”
Wani mai fida yanada, cewa “Na gane cewar mafi cancantar
haqqi shine haqqin malami.
Mafi zama wajibi akan dukkan musulmi ya kiyaye.
Malami ya cancanci ayi masa kyautar girmamawa ma ya koyar
da harafi xaya abashi dirhami dubu (1,000).
Haqiqa duk wanda ya sanar da kai harafi xayana abinda
kake bukata na addini, to ya zama uba agareka acikin addini.
An rawaito cewar Al-hafizu
Abdul-Faraji Ibni Jauzi ya halarci makarantar Shehu Abdul-qadir Jilani (R.A) (a
qarshe qarshen rayuwar Shehu Abdul-kadir) ya zuana a locakin da Shehu yake
fassara wata aya daga cikin al-qur’ani, sai wasu waxanda suka san Ibmil Jauzi,
sukace ala gafarta Mallam kasan wannan fassarar? Sai ya amsa musa dace wa
”Naam” (nasanta), sai Shehu ya sak ecewa bayan wannan tana da wata fassarar,
masu tamabaya basu gushe suna tambayar Ibinil Jauzi ba da cewa ko yasan wanna
fassarar, shi kuma yana amsa musa daceawr nasani, har sai da Shehu Abdul-Kadir
yayi mata fassarara kala goma sha huxu (14) Ibinil jauzi yana cewa nasani,
sanna Shehu Abdul-kadir ya sake cewa bayan wanna tana da wata fassarar har sai
da ya kawo fuskokin fassarar wanna ayar sau arba’in (4) masu tambaya suna
tambaya Ibinil Jauzi kasanta yana cewa ”WALLAHI LAADARI”. Shehu Abdul-kadir
(K.S) ya kawo Iara (26) wadda Ibnil Jauzi bai santa ba, mai ruwaya yace ”gaba xaya
mahalarta wannan makarantar suka ximauce, Al-habizu Abul-Faraji Ibnil Jauzi
yace ”INNAHU ILIMUL AHALUL LAHI” haqiqa wanna ilimin mutan Allah ne, Allah yayi
gaskiya da yace
Bai gushe ba
yana ta mai maita ta.
